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Hindu Minority And Guardianship Act, 1956 MCQs
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1. The short title of the Act is:
a. Hindu Guardianship Act, 1956
b. Hindu Minority Act, 1956
c. Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956
d. Hindu Family Guardianship Act, 1956
2. The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act was enacted in the year:
a. 1950
b. 1954
c. 1955
d. 1956
3. The date on which the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act received assent is:
a. 15 August 1956
b. 26 January 1956
c. 25 August 1956
d. 2 October 1956
4. The object of the Act is to:
a. Consolidate criminal law relating to minors
b. Amend and codify certain parts of the law relating to minority and guardianship among Hindus
c. Regulate adoption among Hindus
d. Provide maintenance to minors only
5. The Act extends to:
a. Whole of India only
b. Whole of India except Jammu & Kashmir
c. Whole of India and also applies to Hindus domiciled in such territories even if outside
d. Only to states notified by Central Government
6. The Act applies to Hindus domiciled in the territories to which the Act extends:
a. Only when they reside within India
b. Only when they are citizens of India
c. Even when they are outside such territories
d. Only when they return to India
7. Section 2 of the Act provides that the provisions of this Act are:
a. In derogation of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
b. Independent of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
c. Supplemental to the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
d. Repealing the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
8. Under Section 2, the provisions of this Act shall be:
a. Only in addition to the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
b. In addition to, and not in derogation of, the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890 except where expressly provided
c. In substitution of the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
d. Applicable only when Guardians and Wards Act is silent
9. The phrase “save as hereinafter expressly provided” in Section 2 implies:
a. Absolute repeal of Guardians and Wards Act
b. Partial repeal of Guardians and Wards Act
c. Exceptions where this Act may override the Guardians and Wards Act
d. No relation between the two Acts
10. The Guardians and Wards Act referred to in Section 2 is of the year:
a. 1882
b. 1872
c. 1890
d. 1908
11. The Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act is:
a. A complete code superseding all other laws
b. A supplemental law to the Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
c. A criminal statute
d. A procedural law only
12. The Act was enacted by:
a. British Parliament
b. Constituent Assembly
c. Parliament of India
d. Supreme Court
13. Section 3(1)(a) of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act applies to:
a. Only orthodox Hindus
b. Hindus in any of its forms or developments
c. Only Sanatanis
d. Only upper caste Hindus
14. Which of the following is specifically included under Hindus in Section 3(1)(a)?
a. Muslims
b. Parsis
c. Virashaiva
d. Jews
15. Lingayats are covered under the Act by virtue of:
a. Section 3(1)(b)
b. Section 3(1)(c)
c. Section 3(1)(a)
d. Explanation clause
16. Followers of which of the following Samaj are included under Section 3(1)(a)?
a. Arya Samaj
b. Aligarh Movement
c. Deoband Movement
d. Wahabi Movement
17. Section 3(1)(b) applies to:
a. Only Hindus
b. Buddhists, Jains and Sikhs
c. Only Jains
d. Only Sikhs
18. Under Section 3(1)(c), the Act applies to a person domiciled in India who is not:
a. Hindu
b. Buddhist
c. Muslim, Christian, Parsi or Jew
d. Sikh
19. A non-Hindu domiciled person will not be governed by this Act if:
a. He chooses not to follow it
b. It is proved he would not have been governed by Hindu law or custom
c. He belongs to a minority community
d. He files a declaration
20. Under the Explanation, a legitimate child of two Hindu parents is:
a. Not covered
b. Covered only if declared
c. Considered Hindu
d. Considered Hindu only after majority
21. An illegitimate child of Hindu parents is:
a. Excluded from the Act
b. Included as Hindu
c. Included only if adopted
d. Included only if legitimate later
22. A child with one Hindu parent is treated as Hindu if:
a. He resides in India
b. He follows Hindu customs occasionally
c. He is brought up as a member of that parent’s community
d. He converts later
23. A person who converts to Hindu religion:
a. Is excluded from the Act
b. Is included under the Act
c. Is included only after court approval
d. Is included only after 5 years
24. Re-converted persons are:
a. Not covered
b. Covered under Explanation clause
c. Covered only by custom
d. Covered only if born Hindu
25. As per Section 3(2), the Act does not apply to:
a. Scheduled Castes
b. Scheduled Tribes
c. OBCs
d. Minorities
26. Members of Scheduled Tribes can be governed by the Act if:
a. Supreme Court orders
b. State Government notifies
c. Central Government notifies
d. Parliament amends law
27. The notification for applying the Act to Scheduled Tribes must be published in:
a. Local newspaper
b. Gazette of India
c. Official Gazette
d. Supreme Court bulletin
28. Section 3(2A) excludes:
a. Anglo-Indians
b. Renoncants of Pondicherry
c. Parsis
d. Buddhists
29. The exclusion of Renoncants applies to:
a. Whole India
b. Only Tamil Nadu
c. Union Territory of Pondicherry
d. Kerala
30. Section 3(3) states that the term “Hindu” includes:
a. Only religious Hindus
b. Only those born Hindu
c. Persons to whom the Act applies even if not Hindu by religion
d. Only converts
31. A person not Hindu by religion but covered under Section 3 will be:
a. Excluded from the Act
b. Treated as Hindu for the purpose of the Act
c. Governed by Muslim law
d. Governed by Christian law
32. Which of the following is NOT expressly excluded under Section 3(1)(c)?
a. Muslim
b. Christian
c. Parsi
d. Buddhist
33. Under Section 4(a), a “minor” is a person who has not completed the age of:
a. 16 years
b. 18 years
c. 21 years
d. 25 years
34. A person who has completed 18 years of age is:
a. Still a minor
b. A major
c. A ward
d. A dependent
35. The definition of “minor” under Section 4(a) is based on:
a. Mental capacity
b. Marital status
c. Age
d. Religion
36. Under Section 4(b), a “guardian” means a person having care of:
a. Only property of minor
b. Only person of minor
c. Either person or property or both
d. Only legal rights of minor
37. A person having care only of the property of a minor is:
a. Not a guardian
b. A guardian under Section 4(b)
c. A trustee only
d. A manager only
38. A person having care only of the person of a minor is:
a. Not included
b. Included as guardian
c. Included only if court appointed
d. Included only if father
39. Which of the following is included within the definition of “guardian”?
a. Natural guardian
b. Testamentary guardian
c. Court-appointed guardian
d. All of the above
40. A guardian appointed by the will of the minor’s father or mother is known as:
a. De facto guardian
b. Natural guardian
c. Testamentary guardian
d. Statutory guardian
41. A guardian appointed or declared by a court is:
a. Not recognized
b. Included in definition of guardian
c. Included only if minor consents
d. Included only if property exists
42. A person empowered under any enactment relating to Court of Wards is:
a. Excluded from guardian definition
b. Included as guardian
c. Included only with permission
d. Included only if notified
43. “Natural guardian” is defined in:
a. Section 4(a)
b. Section 4(b)
c. Section 4(c)
d. Section 5
44. As per Section 4(c), “natural guardian” refers to:
a. Any relative
b. Any person appointed by court
c. Guardians mentioned in Section 6
d. Only father
45. A de facto guardian is:
a. Expressly included in Section 4(b)
b. Expressly excluded
c. Not mentioned in Section 4(b)
d. Treated as natural guardian
46. A guardian under the Court of Wards derives authority:
a. From personal law
b. From contract
c. From statutory enactment
d. From custom
47. The definition of guardian covers:
a. Only legal guardians
b. Only biological guardians
c. Both legal and statutory categories of guardians
d. Only court-appointed guardians
48. Which of the following is NOT expressly included in Section 4(b)?
a. Natural guardian
b. Guardian by will
c. Court-appointed guardian
d. De facto guardian
49. Section 5 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act deals with:
a. Definitions
b. Natural guardians
c. Overriding effect of the Act
d. Testamentary guardians
50. The overriding effect under Section 5 operates:
a. Absolutely without exception
b. Subject to express provisions in the Act
c. Only by court order
d. Only prospectively after amendment
51. The phrase “Save as otherwise expressly provided” implies:
a. No exceptions are allowed
b. Exceptions expressly stated in the Act prevail
c. Only judicial exceptions apply
d. Custom prevails over statute
52. Under Section 5(a), which of the following ceases to have effect?
a. All personal laws
b. Only statutory laws
c. Hindu law texts, rules, interpretations, customs or usages
d. Only customs
53. The cessation under Section 5(a) applies to:
a. All matters of Hindu law
b. Only matters expressly repealed
c. Matters for which provision is made in this Act
d. Only guardianship of property
54. Section 5(a) affects Hindu law in force:
a. After commencement of the Act
b. Before commencement of the Act
c. Only future laws
d. Only codified laws
55. Custom or usage under Hindu law will cease to apply:
a. In all cases
b. Only if declared invalid
c. Only where the Act makes a provision
d. Only if court directs
56. Section 5(b) deals with:
a. Customary law only
b. Hindu law texts only
c. Other laws inconsistent with this Act
d. International law
57. Any law inconsistent with this Act shall:
a. Continue fully
b. Be void ab initio
c. Cease to have effect to the extent of inconsistency
d. Be repealed entirely
58. Section 5(b) applies to laws in force:
a. After enactment only
b. Before commencement of the Act
c. Only future laws
d. Only central laws
59. The inconsistency test under Section 5(b) means:
a. Entire law becomes void
b. Only inconsistent portion becomes inoperative
c. Law remains unaffected
d. Law applies partially at discretion
60. Section 6 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act deals with:
a. Testamentary guardians
b. Natural guardians
c. De facto guardians
d. Court-appointed guardians
61. Natural guardians under Section 6 are guardians:
a. Only of property
b. Only of person
c. Of both person and property (excluding certain interests)
d. Only of joint family property
62. The natural guardian does NOT include guardianship over:
a. Minor’s person
b. Minor’s separate property
c. Minor’s undivided interest in joint family property
d. Minor’s movable property
63. In the case of a boy, the natural guardian is:
a. Mother only
b. Father only
c. Father, and after him, the mother
d. Grandfather
64. In the case of an unmarried girl, the natural guardian is:
a. Mother first
b. Father, and after him, the mother
c. Husband
d. Brother
65. The word “after” in Section 6(a) implies:
a. After death only
b. After absence, incapacity, or disqualification also
c. Only after remarriage
d. Only after court declaration
66. Custody of a minor below five years shall ordinarily be with:
a. Father
b. Mother
c. Grandparents
d. Court
67. In case of an illegitimate boy, the natural guardian is:
a. Father first
b. Mother, and after her, the father
c. Only mother
d. Court
68. In case of an illegitimate unmarried girl, the natural guardian is:
a. Father only
b. Mother, and after her, the father
c. Husband
d. Brother
69. In the case of a married girl, the natural guardian is:
a. Father
b. Mother
c. Husband
d. Brother
70. A person ceasing to be a Hindu:
a. Continues as natural guardian
b. Becomes court guardian
c. Is disqualified from being natural guardian
d. Needs court approval
71. A person who has renounced the world (sanyasi) is:
a. Eligible guardian
b. Disqualified as natural guardian
c. Eligible with court permission
d. Eligible only for property
72. Renunciation under Section 6 includes:
a. Temporary withdrawal
b. Only vanaprastha
c. Complete and final renunciation as hermit or ascetic
d. Any religious practice
73. The term “father” in Section 6 includes:
a. Step-father
b. Adoptive father only
c. Biological father (excluding step-father)
d. Any male guardian
74. The term “mother” in Section 6 includes:
a. Step-mother
b. Biological mother only
c. Any female guardian
d. Adoptive mother only
75. Which of the following is NOT a natural guardian under Section 6?
a. Father
b. Mother
c. Husband (of married girl)
d. Step-father
76. Under Section 7, natural guardianship of an adopted minor son passes to:
a. Biological father
b. Adoptive father and after him adoptive mother
c. Adoptive mother only
d. Court
77. Upon adoption, the natural guardianship:
a. Remains with biological parents
b. Transfers to adoptive parents
c. Is shared equally
d. Is decided by court
78. Section 8(1) empowers natural guardian to:
a. Act arbitrarily
b. Act only with court approval
c. Do all necessary, reasonable and proper acts for benefit of minor
d. Only manage property
79. The power of natural guardian under Section 8(1) is:
a. Absolute
b. Subject to provisions of the section
c. Only statutory
d. Only moral
80. Natural guardian can act for:
a. Personal benefit
b. Benefit of minor or minor’s estate
c. Benefit of family
d. Benefit of court
81. A natural guardian can bind the minor by personal covenant:
a. Yes
b. Only with permission
c. Only in necessity
d. Never
82. Prior permission of court is required for:
a. Sale of movable property
b. Mortgage of immovable property
c. Daily expenses
d. Education
83. Without court permission, a natural guardian cannot:
a. Maintain minor
b. Transfer immovable property
c. Manage income
d. Take custody decisions
84. Transfer by way of sale, gift, exchange or otherwise of immovable property:
a. Freely allowed
b. Requires court permission
c. Is void
d. Is prohibited
85. Lease requires permission if it exceeds:
a. 3 years
b. 4 years
c. 5 years
d. 10 years
86. Lease extending beyond one year after majority:
a. Valid without permission
b. Requires permission
c. Void
d. Illegal
87. Disposal in contravention of Section 8(1) or (2) is:
a. Void
b. Voidable
c. Illegal
d. Valid
88. Such voidable transaction can be challenged by:
a. Only minor
b. Only guardian
c. Minor or person claiming under him
d. Only court
89. Court shall grant permission only in case of:
a. Convenience
b. Guardian’s request
c. Necessity or evident advantage to minor
d. Custom
90. Section 8(5) applies provisions of:
a. CPC
b. CrPC
c. Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
d. Indian Contract Act
91. Application for permission is treated as application under:
a. Section 10 of GWA
b. Section 29 of GWA
c. Section 5 of HMA
d. Section 8 CPC
92. Court follows procedure under Section 31(2)-(4) of:
a. CPC
b. CrPC
c. Guardians and Wards Act
d. Evidence Act
93. Appeal from refusal of permission lies:
a. To Supreme Court
b. To High Court only
c. To the court to which appeals ordinarily lie
d. No appeal lies
94. “Court” under Section 8 includes:
a. Only High Court
b. Only Supreme Court
c. District Court/City Civil Court/empowered court under GWA
d. Only Family Court
95. Jurisdiction of court is based on:
a. Residence of minor
b. Residence of guardian
c. Location of immovable property
d. Place of adoption
96. Where property lies in multiple jurisdictions:
a. Only one specific court has jurisdiction
b. Any court where any portion of property is situated has jurisdiction
c. Only High Court decides
d. Central Government decides
97. Section 8 imposes:
a. Absolute rights on guardian
b. No restrictions
c. Statutory restrictions on natural guardian
d. Only moral duties
98. Section 9 of the Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act deals with:
a. Natural guardians
b. Testamentary guardians and their powers
c. De facto guardians
d. Court-appointed guardians
99. A Hindu father can appoint a guardian by:
a. Agreement
b. Custom
c. Will
d. Court order
100. A father can appoint a testamentary guardian for:
a. Only property
b. Only person
c. Person or property or both
d. Only movable property
101. Testamentary guardian cannot be appointed for:
a. Minor’s person
b. Minor’s movable property
c. Minor’s undivided interest in joint family property
d. Minor’s separate property
102. Appointment by father becomes ineffective if:
a. Minor attains majority
b. Father dies
c. Father predeceases mother
d. Minor marries
103. Such appointment revives if:
a. Minor attains majority
b. Mother remarries
c. Mother dies without appointing a guardian
d. Court directs
104. A Hindu widow can appoint testamentary guardian if:
a. She is not natural guardian
b. She is entitled to act as natural guardian
c. Court permits
d. Father is alive
105. A Hindu mother can appoint a guardian for legitimate children when:
a. Father is alive
b. Father consents
c. Father is disentitled to act as natural guardian
d. Minor requests
106. A mother can appoint testamentary guardian for illegitimate children when:
a. She is natural guardian
b. Only with court permission
c. Only after father’s death
d. Never
107. Testamentary guardian’s authority begins:
a. Immediately after will
b. After court approval
c. After death of appointing parent
d. After minor attains majority
108. Testamentary guardian exercises:
a. Limited rights only
b. No rights
c. Rights of natural guardian subject to Act and will
d. Only property rights
109. Testamentary guardian can act:
a. Only for person
b. Only for property
c. For person, property or both
d. Only for joint family property
110. Which of the following can appoint testamentary guardian?
a. Father
b. Widow
c. Mother in specified circumstances
d. All of the above
111. Appointment by mother is valid when:
a. She is not natural guardian
b. She is entitled as natural guardian
c. Only court allows
d. Only minor agrees
112. Testamentary guardian’s right in case of a minor girl:
a. Continues after marriage
b. Suspends temporarily
c. Ceases on marriage
d. Continues with court permission
113. Section 10 provides that a minor is:
a. Competent to act as guardian
b. Competent with court permission
c. Incompetent to act as guardian of property
d. Competent only for movable property
114. A minor acting as guardian of another minor’s property is:
a. Valid
b. Valid with consent
c. Void
d. Voidable
115. Section 11 deals with:
a. Testamentary guardians
b. De facto guardians
c. Natural guardians
d. Court guardians
116. After commencement of the Act, a de facto guardian:
a. Can freely deal with property
b. Can deal with property with consent
c. Cannot deal with minor’s property merely on that ground
d. Has absolute power
117. A de facto guardian is:
a. Recognized fully
b. Given statutory powers
c. Not entitled to dispose of minor’s property
d. Equivalent to natural guardian
118. Section 12 applies when minor has:
a. Separate property
b. Self-acquired property
c. Undivided interest in joint family property
d. No property
119. When joint family property is managed by an adult member:
a. Guardian must be appointed
b. Guardian may be appointed
c. No guardian shall be appointed for minor’s undivided interest
d. Only court can appoint
120. The bar under Section 12 applies to:
a. All courts
b. Only District Courts
c. Appointment of guardian for undivided interest
d. Testamentary guardians only
121. Section 12 does NOT affect:
a. District Court
b. Civil Court
c. High Court’s jurisdiction
d. Family Court
122. High Court can:
a. Never appoint guardian in such cases
b. Appoint guardian despite Section 12
c. Only advise
d. Only supervise
123. Section 13 establishes:
a. Rights of guardian
b. Duties of guardian
c. Welfare principle
d. Property rights
124. The paramount consideration in appointment of guardian is:
a. Wishes of parents
b. Property value
c. Welfare of minor
d. Custom
125. Welfare principle applies to:
a. Only natural guardians
b. Only testamentary guardians
c. Court appointments or declarations
d. Only property matters
126. A person otherwise entitled to guardianship:
a. Must be appointed
b. May be rejected if not suitable
c. Has absolute right
d. Can override court
127. Court can refuse guardianship if:
a. Minor objects
b. Guardian is poor
c. Welfare of minor is not served
d. Guardian is not educated
128. Section 13(2) overrides:
a. Custom
b. Statutory entitlement
c. Both statutory and customary rights
d. Only court orders
129. Welfare of minor includes:
a. Only financial welfare
b. Only physical welfare
c. Overall well-being
d. Only educational welfare
130. A de facto guardian’s transaction after Act:
a. Fully valid
b. Voidable
c. Not permitted merely on that status
d. Automatically valid
131. Sections 10–13 collectively emphasize:
a. Absolute parental rights
b. Restrictions and welfare-centric approach
c. Only property rules
d. Only procedural law
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