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Hindu marriage Act MCQs Set-2
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1. A child of a void marriage under Section 11 is:
a. Always illegitimate
b. Legitimate if marriage would have been valid
c. Legitimate only after court order
d. Legitimate only if registered
2. Legitimacy under Section 16 applies:
a. Only to marriages after 1976 amendment
b. Only to marriages before 1976 amendment
c. Whether child is born before or after 1976 amendment
d. Only to voidable marriages
3. A decree of nullity is:
a. Required for legitimacy of child
b. Not necessary for conferring legitimacy under Section 16(1)
c. Mandatory for all cases
d. Needed only for voidable marriages
4. Under Section 16(2), legitimacy in voidable marriage applies to:
a. Children born after decree only
b. Children begotten or conceived before decree
c. Only adopted children
d. Only children born after divorce
5. A child under Section 16 is deemed legitimate if:
a. Marriage is valid only
b. Parents cohabit after decree
c. Child is conceived before annulment decree in voidable marriage
d. Court permits later
6. Section 16 does NOT confer rights against:
a. Parents
b. Government
c. Third parties’ property rights
d. Guardians
7. Children under Section 16 have rights:
a. In all property including ancestral property of relatives
b. Only against parents
c. Only against grandparents
d. No property rights at all
8. Section 16 aims to:
a. Punish illegitimate children
b. Protect legitimacy of children born from void/voidable marriages
c. Cancel all void marriages
d. Grant divorce automatically
9. Even if marriage is void or annulled, child is deemed legitimate if:
a. Marriage is registered
b. Conditions of Section 16 are satisfied
c. Court declares adoption
d. Parents remarry
10. Section 17 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Void marriages
b. Punishment of bigamy
c. Divorce
d. Judicial separation
11. A marriage under Section 17 is void if:
a. Either party is below 21 years
b. Either party is not Hindu
c. Either party has a spouse living at the time of marriage
d. Marriage is not registered
12. Section 17 applies to marriages solemnized:
a. Before commencement of the Act
b. After commencement of the Act
c. Only during appeal period
d. Only in court marriages
13. Bigamy under Section 17 attracts provisions of:
a. Indian Contract Act
b. CrPC Section 125
c. Sections 494 and 495 IPC
d. None of the above
14. A marriage in contravention of Section 17 is:
a. Voidable
b. Valid but punishable
c. Void
d. Suspended
15. Section 17 primarily aims to:
a. Allow multiple marriages
b. Prohibit and punish bigamy among Hindus
c. Regulate divorce procedure
d. Define marriage ceremonies
16. Bigamy under Section 17 requires:
a. Both marriages registered
b. Existence of prior spouse at time of second marriage
c. Court approval
d. Consent of first spouse
17. Section 17 makes applicable:
a. Only civil remedies
b. Only customary law
c. Criminal provisions of IPC
d. Family court rules
18. A second marriage during subsistence of first marriage is:
a. Valid if consent obtained
b. Void under Section 17
c. Voidable
d. Valid after registration
19. Section 18 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Divorce by mutual consent
b. Punishment for contravention of certain conditions of Hindu marriage
c. Void marriages
d. Judicial separation
20. Section 18 applies when there is contravention of which condition of Section 5?
a. Clause (i) only
b. Clause (ii) only
c. Clause (iii), (iv) and (v)
d. All clauses of Section 5
21. Contravention of Section 5(iii) (age condition) is punishable with:
a. Simple imprisonment up to 1 month
b. Rigorous imprisonment up to 2 years or fine up to ₹1 lakh or both
c. Life imprisonment
d. No punishment
22. Under Section 18, contravention of age requirement may result in:
a. Only fine
b. Only imprisonment
c. Rigorous imprisonment or fine or both
d. Only warning
23. Contravention of Section 5(iv) or 5(v) is punishable with:
a. Rigorous imprisonment up to 2 years
b. Simple imprisonment up to 1 month or fine up to ₹1000 or both
c. Death penalty
d. Only divorce
24. Section 18 is primarily a:
a. Civil remedy
b. Criminal penalty provision
c. Procedural rule
d. Maintenance provision
25. The punishment under Section 18 is imposed on:
a. Court only
b. Registrar only
c. Person who procures marriage in contravention of conditions
d. Witnesses
26. Which condition violation carries highest punishment under Section 18?
a. Prohibited relationship
b. Sapinda relationship
c. Age condition (Section 5(iii))
d. Ceremonies condition
27. Fine for contravention of Section 5(iv) or (v) may extend to:
a. ₹10,000
b. ₹5,000
c. ₹1,000
d. ₹100
28. Section 18 treats contravention of marriage conditions as:
a. Civil dispute only
b. Matrimonial offence with penal consequences
c. Voidable marriage only
d. Administrative irregularity
29. Section 19 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Grounds of divorce
b. Court to which petition shall be presented
c. Void marriages
d. Maintenance
30. A petition under the Hindu Marriage Act is presented to:
a. Supreme Court
b. High Court
c. District Court
d. Family Court only
31. A petition may be filed where:
a. Marriage was registered
b. Marriage was solemnized
c. Only respondent resides
d. Only petitioner resides
32. Another jurisdictional basis is where:
a. Petitioner was born
b. Respondent at time of petition resides
c. Marriage was planned
d. Engagement took place
33. Petition can also be filed where:
a. Parties last resided together
b. Parties never lived together
c. Only parents reside
d. Marriage was registered
34. In case wife is petitioner, she may file where:
a. Husband resides only
b. She is residing at the time of petition
c. Marriage took place only
d. Both parties agree
35. If respondent resides outside India, petition may be filed where:
a. Respondent last resided abroad
b. Petitioner resides
c. Marriage was registered
d. Court directs
36. If respondent has not been heard of for 7 years, petition may be filed where:
a. Respondent’s birthplace
b. Petitioner’s residence
c. Marriage place only
d. Supreme Court only
37. The 7-year “not heard of alive” rule is used for:
a. Divorce only
b. Jurisdiction determination
c. Maintenance calculation
d. Adoption
38. Section 19 primarily determines:
a. Grounds of divorce
b. Court jurisdiction for matrimonial petitions
c. Punishment for bigamy
d. Validity of marriage
39. Section 20 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Jurisdiction of court
b. Contents and verification of petitions
c. Grounds of divorce
d. Maintenance orders
40. Every petition under the Act must state:
a. Only names of parties
b. Facts on which relief is claimed
c. Court fees only
d. Witness list only
41.Section 20 requires disclosure regarding:
a. Property dispute
b. Collusion between parties (except Section 11 petitions)
c. Income of parties
d. Caste of parties
42. The requirement of stating “no collusion” is not applicable to:
a. Divorce petitions
b. Judicial separation petitions
c. Petitions under Section 11
d. Section 13B petitions
43. Verification of petitions under Section 20 must be done:
a. Only by court clerk
b. By petitioner or competent person as per law
c. Only by advocate
d. Only by respondent
44. Verification of petitions is done in the manner of:
a. Criminal complaint verification
b. FIR procedure
c. Verification of plaints under law
d. Evidence affidavit only
45. Statements in the petition may be used at hearing as:
a. Final judgment
b. Evidence
c. Police report
d. Admission only by respondent
46. The main purpose of Section 20 is:
a. To define marriage
b. To ensure factual clarity and prevent collusion
c. To fix jurisdiction
d. To provide punishment
47. A petition under Section 20 must be:
a. Oral
b. Only handwritten
c. Properly stated and verified
d. Submitted without facts
48. Section 20 applies to:
a. Only divorce petitions
b. All petitions under the Hindu Marriage Act
c. Only maintenance cases
d. Only appeals
49. Section 21 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Jurisdiction of courts
b. Application of Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
c. Contents of petition
d. Grounds of divorce
50. Proceedings under the Hindu Marriage Act are regulated by:
a. Code of Criminal Procedure only
b. Indian Penal Code
c. Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
d. Indian Evidence Act only
51. Application of CPC under Section 21 is:
a. Absolute in all cases
b. Subject to provisions of the Act and High Court rules
c. Not applicable at all
d. Applicable only in appeal
52. Section 21 empowers:
a. Supreme Court to frame rules
b. High Courts to make rules
c. District Magistrate to decide procedure
d. Police authorities
53. Proceedings under the Act are regulated:
a. Strictly by CPC without exception
b. As far as may be by CPC
c. Only by personal law
d. Only by High Court judgments
54. The phrase “as far as may be” indicates:
a. CPC is optional and irrelevant
b. CPC applies with necessary modifications
c. CPC does not apply at all
d. CPC applies only in criminal matters
55. Section 21 primarily ensures:
a. Uniform criminal punishment
b. Procedural framework for matrimonial cases
c. Creation of new courts
d. Definition of marriage
56. CPC applies to Hindu Marriage Act proceedings:
a. Only in appeals
b. Only in Supreme Court
c. Subject to Act provisions and High Court rules
d. Not applicable
57. The role of High Court under Section 21 is to:
a. Decide marriage validity
b. Make procedural rules
c. Grant divorce
d. Enforce punishment
58. Section 21 is a:
a. Substantive provision
b. Procedural provision
c. Penal provision
d. Constitutional provision
59. Section 21A of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Contents of petition
b. Power to transfer petitions in certain cases
c. Grounds of divorce
d. Maintenance
60. Section 21A applies when:
a. Only one petition is filed
b. Two petitions are filed by both parties for judicial separation or divorce
c. Only maintenance petition is filed
d. Appeal is filed
61. If both petitions are filed in the same district court:
a. One petition is dismissed
b. Both are transferred to High Court
c. Both are tried and heard together
d. Only later petition is heard
62. If petitions are filed in different district courts:
a. Both courts decide separately
b. Earlier petition is dismissed
c. Later petition is transferred to court of earlier petition
d. Supreme Court decides
63. The main objective of Section 21A is:
a. Speed up criminal trials
b. Avoid conflicting judgments in matrimonial disputes
c. Increase divorce cases
d. Reduce court jurisdiction
64. Under Section 21A, petitions are generally transferred based on:
a. Place of marriage only
b. Date of filing (earlier petition prevails)
c. Financial status
d. Religion of parties
65. When petitions are in different districts, final trial is conducted by:
a. District court where later petition is filed
b. District court where earlier petition is filed
c. High Court
d. Supreme Court
66. Section 21A also involves application of:
a. Criminal Procedure Code
b. Transfer powers under Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
c. Evidence Act only
d. Police regulations
67. The later petition is:
a. Always rejected
b. Transferred to earlier court
c. Converted into appeal
d. Treated as null
68. Section 21A ensures:
a. Separate trials for each petition
b. Consolidated hearing of related matrimonial disputes
c. Criminal prosecution
d. Mandatory divorce
69. Section 21B of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Transfer of petitions
b. Special provision relating to trial and disposal of petitions
c. Grounds of divorce
d. Maintenance
70. Under Section 21B(1), trial of a petition shall generally be:
a. Conducted once in a month
b. Continued from day to day until conclusion
c. Adjourned frequently
d. Conducted only on weekends
71. Adjournment of trial beyond the following day under Section 21B is allowed:
a. Without reason
b. Only on consent of parties
c. Only if court records reasons as necessary
d. Never allowed
72. The time limit for completing trial under Section 21B is:
a. 3 months
b. 6 months from service of notice on respondent
c. 1 year
d. 2 years
73. Appeals under the Act should be disposed of preferably within:
a. 1 month
b. 3 months from service of notice of appeal
c. 6 months
d. 1 year
74. Section 21B emphasizes:
a. Delay in matrimonial trials
b. Expeditious disposal of matrimonial disputes
c. Criminal punishment
d. Arbitration of disputes
75. Section 21C deals with:
a. Transfer of petitions
b. Documentary evidence
c. Divorce grounds
d. Maintenance
76. Under Section 21C, a document is admissible even if:
a. It is unsigned
b. It is not relevant
c. It is not duly stamped or registered
d. It is photocopy only
77. Section 21C overrides:
a. Only Civil Procedure Code
b. Only Criminal Procedure Code
c. Any other law regarding admissibility of documents
d. Only Hindu law customs
78. Section 22 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Transfer of petitions
b. Proceedings to be in camera and restriction on publication
c. Divorce by mutual consent
d. Maintenance
79. Proceedings under Section 22 are conducted:
a. Open court
b. In camera
c. In public auditorium
d. By jury system
80. Publication of matters relating to proceedings under Section 22 is:
a. Always allowed
b. Allowed with consent of parties only
c. Not allowed except certain High Court or Supreme Court judgments with permission
d. Fully unrestricted
81. Judgments of which courts may be published with permission under Section 22?
a. District Court only
b. Family Court only
c. High Court or Supreme Court
d. Magistrate Court
82. Violation of Section 22(1) is punishable with:
a. Imprisonment
b. Death penalty
c. Fine up to ₹1000
d. No punishment
83. The purpose of in-camera proceedings is to:
a. Speed up trial
b. Ensure privacy in matrimonial matters
c. Reduce court fees
d. Increase publicity
84. Section 22 primarily restricts:
a. Filing of petitions
b. Evidence production
c. Public disclosure and publication of proceedings
d. Jurisdiction of courts
85. Publication under Section 22 requires:
a. Police permission
b. Government approval
c. Previous permission of the court
d. No permission required
86. Section 22 applies to:
a. Criminal trials
b. All proceedings under the Hindu Marriage Act
c. Only divorce cases under Section 13
d. Only appeal cases
87. Section 22 aims to:
a. Encourage media reporting
b. Maintain confidentiality of matrimonial disputes
c. Increase transparency in public
d. Replace open court system
88. Section 23 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Grounds of divorce
b. Decree in proceedings
c. Jurisdiction of courts
d. Maintenance orders
89. Under Section 23(1), the court shall grant relief only if:
a. Petitioner is poor
b. Grounds for relief exist and statutory conditions are satisfied
c. Respondent agrees
d. Marriage is registered
90. Relief under Section 23 is denied if petitioner:
a. Has children
b. Is educated
c. Is taking advantage of own wrong or disability
d. Has no income
91. In adultery-based divorce, relief is denied if petitioner:
a. Is unemployed
b. Is cohabiting
c. Has condoned, connived, or been accessory to the act
d. Is Hindu
92. In cruelty-based divorce, relief is denied if:
a. Cruelty is proved
b. Petitioner condoned the cruelty
c. Marriage is registered
d. Parties are living separately
93. In mutual consent divorce, consent must not be:
a. Written
b. Registered
c. Obtained by force, fraud, or undue influence
d. Delayed
94. Collusion between parties under Section 23:
a. Is permitted
b. Bars relief (except Section 11 petitions)
c. Is irrelevant
d. Is mandatory
95. The court must ensure:
a. Immediate divorce in all cases
b. No reconciliation attempt is made
c. No unnecessary delay exists
d. Petitioner is wealthy
96. Under Section 23(2), court must first:
a. Pass decree
b. Try reconciliation between parties
c. Reject petition
d. Send to appeal
97. Reconciliation efforts under Section 23 are not applicable to:
a. All divorce cases
b. Mutual consent cases only
c. Certain specified grounds under Section 13(1) clauses (ii) to (vii)
d. Maintenance cases
98. Court may adjourn proceedings for reconciliation up to:
a. 7 days
b. 15 days
c. 30 days
d. 60 days
99. Report for reconciliation may be given by:
a. Police officer only
b. Any person named by parties or court
c. Only judge
d. Advocate only
100. In granting decree, court must also consider:
a. Political status of parties
b. Whether there is any legal ground to refuse relief
c. Religion only
d. Age only
101. Section 23 applies to:
a. Only divorce petitions
b. All proceedings under the Act
c. Only maintenance cases
d. Only appeals
102. Copy of divorce decree must be given:
a. On payment only
b. Only to petitioner
c. Free of cost to both parties
d. Only to court registry
103. Section 23A of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Grounds of divorce
b. Relief for respondent in matrimonial proceedings
c. Maintenance of spouse
d. Void marriages
104. Under Section 23A, the respondent may:
a. Only deny allegations
b. Only file appeal
c. File counter-claim for relief under the Act
d. Only seek maintenance
105. Section 23A applies in proceedings for:
a. Only divorce
b. Divorce, judicial separation, or restitution of conjugal rights
c. Only annulment
d. Only maintenance
106. A counter-claim under Section 23A can be based on:
a. Petitioner’s income
b. Petitioner’s adultery, cruelty, or desertion
c. Petitioner’s caste
d. Petitioner’s religion
107. Relief under Section 23A can be granted to respondent if:
a. Respondent proves petitioner’s misconduct
b. Respondent is financially weak
c. Marriage is unregistered
d. Parties agree
108. Section 23A enables respondent to:
a. Start criminal proceedings
b. Seek relief as if respondent had filed a petition
c. Delay proceedings only
d. Withdraw petition
109. If petitioner’s cruelty is proved, court may:
a. Reject both parties’ claims
b. Grant relief to respondent
c. Only impose fine
d. Convert case to criminal trial
110. Section 23A is applicable only when:
a. Respondent files written statement and counter-claim
b. Court permits appeal
c. Marriage is void
d. Maintenance is unpaid
111. The purpose of Section 23A is:
a. To punish only petitioner
b. To provide reciprocal matrimonial relief
c. To abolish divorce
d. To reduce court jurisdiction
112. Relief under Section 23A is available:
a. Automatically in all cases
b. Only on proof of specified matrimonial fault
c. Only on consent of petitioner
d. Only in maintenance cases
113. Section 24 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Permanent alimony
b. Maintenance pendente lite and expenses of proceedings
c. Divorce by mutual consent
d. Judicial separation
114. Maintenance pendente lite means:
a. Maintenance after divorce
b. Maintenance during the pendency of proceedings
c. Maintenance before marriage
d. Permanent maintenance only
115. Relief under Section 24 can be granted when:
a. Both parties have income
b. Either spouse has no independent sufficient income
c. Only wife has income
d. Only husband is unemployed
116. Application under Section 24 may be filed by:
a. Only wife
b. Only husband
c. Either wife or husband
d. Court suo motu only
117. Under Section 24, court may order:
a. Only lump sum payment
b. Only property transfer
c. Monthly maintenance and expenses of proceedings
d. Criminal penalty
118. Amount under Section 24 is determined based on:
a. Only petitioner’s wish
b. Only respondent’s wish
c. Income of both petitioner and respondent
d. Court fees only
119. Section 24 applies:
a. Only after divorce decree
b. During matrimonial proceedings
c. Only after appeal
d. Only before marriage
120. Time limit for disposing Section 24 application is:
a. 30 days
b. 60 days from service of notice
c. 90 days
d. 1 year
121. Section 24 relief is:
a. Permanent maintenance
b. Interim relief during litigation
c. Punitive relief
d. Criminal compensation
122. Section 24 aims to ensure:
a. Punishment of spouse
b. Financial support during litigation
c. Divorce delay
d. Property division
123. Section 25 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Maintenance pendente lite
b. Permanent alimony and maintenance
c. Divorce by mutual consent
d. Judicial separation
124. Permanent alimony under Section 25 can be granted:
a. Only before filing petition
b. Only during trial
c. At the time of decree or any time thereafter
d. Only before marriage
125. Under Section 25, maintenance may be awarded:
a. Only monthly
b. Only lump sum
c. Gross sum or monthly/periodical sum
d. Only property transfer
126. The maximum duration of maintenance under Section 25 is:
a. 5 years
b. 10 years
c. Life of the applicant
d. Until remarriage only
127. Factors considered while granting maintenance include:
a. Religion of parties
b. Income and property of both parties and conduct
c. Only respondent’s income
d. Only age of parties
128. Maintenance under Section 25 may be secured by:
a. Police guarantee
b. Charge on immovable property of respondent
c. Criminal bond
d. Bank guarantee only
129. Section 25 order can be modified if:
a. Court changes
b. Change in circumstances of either party is shown
c. Parties agree orally
d. Marriage is void
130. Maintenance order may be rescinded if:
a. Petitioner refuses payment
b. Petitioner remarries or commits specified misconduct
c. Respondent requests
d. Court changes mind only
131. Wife loses maintenance under Section 25 if:
a. She becomes employed
b. She remarries or is not chaste
c. She shifts residence
d. She files appeal
132. Husband may lose maintenance entitlement if:
a. He changes job
b. He has sexual intercourse outside wedlock
c. He becomes old
d. He files appeal
133. Section 26 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Maintenance pendente lite
b. Custody of children
c. Divorce by mutual consent
d. Void marriages
134. Under Section 26, court may pass orders regarding:
a. Only custody of property
b. Custody, maintenance and education of minor children
c. Only adoption
d. Only guardianship of father
135. While deciding custody under Section 26, court must consider:
a. Only financial status of parents
b. Wishes of minor children wherever possible
c. Religion of parents
d. Caste of parties
136. Orders regarding custody under Section 26 can be:
a. Only final and unchangeable
b. Interim or part of decree
c. Only before petition
d. Only by Supreme Court
137. After decree, court may:
a. Refuse all applications
b. Modify custody orders only once
c. Make further orders regarding children on application
d. Transfer custody automatically
138. Section 26 allows court to:
a. Only grant custody
b. Only deny custody
c. Revoke, suspend or vary custody orders
d. Delegate custody to police
139. Custody provisions under Section 26 apply to:
a. Only major children
b. Only adopted children
c. Minor children
d. All children irrespective of age
140. The proviso under Section 26 relates to:
a. Divorce petitions
b. Maintenance and education of minor children during proceedings
c. Property disputes
d. Adoption cases
141. Application for maintenance of children under Section 26 should be disposed of:
a. Within 30 days
b. Within 60 days from service of notice
c. Within 1 year
d. No time limit
142. Section 26 primarily aims to protect:
a. Rights of spouses
b. Welfare of minor children
c. Property of parents
d. Religious rights
143. Section 27 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Custody of children
b. Disposal of property presented at or about the time of marriage
c. Divorce by mutual consent
d. Maintenance pendente lite
144. Under Section 27, court may pass orders regarding property:
a. Only inherited property
b. Only immovable property
c. Property presented at or about the time of marriage jointly belonging to spouses
d. Only ancestral property
145. Section 27 empowers court to make provisions:
a. Only during appeal
b. In the decree itself
c. Only after divorce
d. Only before marriage
146. Section 28 of the Hindu Marriage Act deals with:
a. Custody of children
b. Appeals from decrees and orders
c. Void marriages
d. Maintenance
147. Appeals under Section 28 lie:
a. To Supreme Court only
b. To court where criminal appeal lies
c. To court where appeals ordinarily lie from original civil jurisdiction decisions
d. To Family Court only
148. Under Section 28(2), appeal is allowed against:
a. Only interim orders
b. Orders under Section 25 or 26 if not interim
c. Only maintenance orders under IPC
d. Only divorce petitions
149. No appeal under Section 28 lies on:
a. Divorce grounds
b. Custody matters
c. Subject of costs only
d. Maintenance orders
150. Time limit for filing appeal under Section 28 is:
a. 30 days
b. 60 days
c. 90 days from decree or order
d. 1 year
151. Section 27 deals specifically with:
a. Property disputes unrelated to marriage
b. Joint property presented at or about marriage
c. Criminal property offences
d. Maintenance enforcement
152. Section 28 ensures:
a. No appeal is allowed in matrimonial cases
b. Right of appeal with limitations and procedure
c. Only Supreme Court jurisdiction
d. Automatic revision of orders
153. Section 28A of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Appeals from decrees
b. Enforcement of decrees and orders
c. Custody of children
d. Maintenance pendente lite
154. Under Section 28A, decrees and orders are enforced:
a. By criminal procedure only
b. In the manner of civil court decrees and orders
c. Only by High Court directions
d. Only through police
155. Section 28A applies to:
a. Only divorce decrees
b. All decrees and orders under the Act
c. Only maintenance orders
d. Only appeals
156. Enforcement under Section 28A is similar to:
a. Criminal trial procedure
b. Execution of civil court decrees in original jurisdiction
c. Arbitration awards
d. Revenue recovery only
157. The main purpose of Section 28A is:
a. To create new remedies
b. To ensure enforceability of matrimonial decrees
c. To provide grounds of divorce
d. To define marriage
158. Section 28A ensures:
a. Decrees are advisory only
b. Decrees/orders have executable legal force
c. No enforcement mechanism exists
d. Only appeals are allowed
159. Section 28A treats matrimonial decrees as:
a. Non-binding recommendations
b. Equivalent to civil court executable orders
c. Criminal judgments
d. Administrative orders only
160. Enforcement under Section 28A is governed by:
a. Police rules
b. CPC execution principles
c. IPC provisions
d. Constitutional law only
161. Section 28A primarily relates to:
a. Procedure of filing petitions
b. Execution stage of matrimonial litigation
c. Grounds of divorce
d. Jurisdiction of courts
162. Section 28A strengthens:
a. Appeal rights
b. Execution/enforcement mechanism
c. Marriage validity rules
d. Evidence rules only
163. Section 29 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Appeals
b. Savings
c. Maintenance
d. Custody of children
164. Under Section 29(1), a pre-Act Hindu marriage is not invalid only because:
a. It was registered late
b. Parties belonged to same gotra/pravara or different religion/caste
c. It was not solemnized
d. It was void ab initio
165. Section 29(1) protects marriages solemnized:
a. After commencement only
b. Before commencement of the Act
c. Only registered marriages
d. Only inter-caste marriages
166. Section 29(2) preserves:
a. Only criminal rights
b. Right recognised by custom or special enactment for dissolution of marriage
c. Only appeal rights
d. Only custody rights
167. Under Section 29(3), pending proceedings at commencement of Act:
a. Automatically abate
b. Are continued and determined as if Act had not been passed
c. Are transferred to Supreme Court
d. Are dismissed
168. Section 29(3) applies to proceedings:
a. Started after Act only
b. Pending at commencement of the Act
c. Only appeal cases
d. Only maintenance cases
169. Section 29(4) preserves provisions of:
a. Indian Penal Code
b. Special Marriage Act, 1954
c. Indian Contract Act
d. Code of Civil Procedure
170. Section 29 ensures:
a. Retrospective invalidation of marriages
b. Protection of pre-existing legal and customary rights
c. Abolition of customs
d. Criminal punishment
171. A marriage is not invalid under Section 29 merely due to:
a. Age difference
b. Gotra or caste differences
c. Non-registration
d. Lack of consent
172. The main objective of Section 29 is:
a. Create new offences
b. Preserve existing valid marriages and rights
c. Abolish Hindu customs
d. Introduce divorce procedure
173. Section 30 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 deals with:
a. Maintenance
b. Custody of children
c. Repeals
d. Appeals
174. Section 30 of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 has been:
a. Amended
b. Expanded
c. Repealed
d. Substituted
175. The repeal of Section 30 was done by:
a. Hindu Succession Act, 1956
b. Repealing and Amending Act, 1960
c. Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
d. Indian Divorce Act, 1869
176. Section 30 was repealed with effect from:
a. 26-12-1960
b. 26-01-1956
c. 15-08-1947
d. 01-04-1976
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