Science and Technology

What is the subject matter of Science and Technology?

 Science and Technology.

What were the major branches of Science and Technology in Medieval India?

 Astronomy, Medicine, Metallurgy, and Irrigation.

Which civilizations contributed significantly to Medieval Indian Science and Technology?

 Hindu, Islamic, and Persian civilizations.

What is the subject matter of Astronomy?

 Astronomy.

Which Mughal ruler encouraged astronomical studies?

 Sawai Jai Singh II.

Who built the Jantar Mantar observatories?

 Sawai Jai Singh II.

What was the main purpose of Jantar Mantar?

 Astronomical observation and calculation.

In which cities were Jantar Mantar observatories built?

 Delhi, Jaipur, Ujjain, Mathura, and Varanasi.

Which famous astronomical table was prepared by Sawai Jai Singh II?

 Zij-i-Muhammad Shahi.

What instrument was commonly used for measuring celestial positions?

 Sundial.

What is the subject matter of Medicine?

 Medicine.

Which two systems of medicine were prominent in Medieval India?

 Ayurveda and Unani.

Which system of medicine was introduced by the Arabs and Persians?

 Unani Medicine.

Who were the practitioners of Unani medicine called?

 Hakims.

Who were the practitioners of Ayurveda called?

 Vaidyas.

Which Mughal ruler established many hospitals?

 Akbar.

Which famous Persian medical work influenced Indian medicine?

 Canon of Medicine (Al-Qanun fi al-Tibb).

Who wrote the Canon of Medicine?

 Ibn Sina (Avicenna).

What is the subject matter of Metallurgy?

 Metallurgy.

For what was Medieval Indian metallurgy famous?

 High-quality iron and steel production.

Which type of steel was internationally famous?

 Wootz Steel.

Which pillar is an outstanding example of Indian metallurgy?

 Iron Pillar of Delhi.

For what is the Iron Pillar of Delhi famous?

 Resistance to rust.

Which metal was widely used for making weapons?

 Steel.

Which industry flourished due to advanced metallurgy?

 Arms and Armour Industry.

What is the subject matter of Irrigation?

 Irrigation.

Which Sultan constructed major canals for irrigation?

 Firoz Shah Tughlaq.

Why were canals constructed during the Delhi Sultanate?

 To improve agriculture.

Which Mughal rulers encouraged irrigation works?

 Akbar and Shah Jahan.

What was the main source of irrigation in Medieval India?

 Wells, tanks, canals, and rivers.

Which water-lifting device was commonly used?

 Persian Wheel (Rahat).

What was the main objective of irrigation projects?

 To increase agricultural production.