EVOLUTION OF ARTICLE 21 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

EVOLUTION OF ARTICLE 21 OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

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ARTICLE 21  

“No person shall de deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law.”

Held

Case

Right to live with human dignity

     1. Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India­­­: AIR 1978 SC 597

     2.  Francis Coralie v. Union Territory of Delhi: AIR 1981 SC 746

     3. Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India: AIR 1984 SC 802

Right to livelihood

     1.  Olga Tellis v. Bombay Municipal Corporation: AIR 1986 SC 180

     2.  Sodan Singh v. New Delhi Municipal Corporation: 1989 4 SCC 155

Right to travel abroad

     1.  Satwnat Singh v. Assistant Passport Officer, New Delhi, AIR 1967 SC 1836

Right to Education

     1.  Mohini Jain v. State of Karnataka: AIR 1992 SC 1858

     2.     Unnikrishnan v. State of Andhra Pradesh: 1993 SCC (1) 645

Right of prisoners and right against illegal detention

     1. Sunil Batra v. Delhi Administration: 1980 SCC (3) 488

     2. D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal: 1997 1 SCC 416)

Right to legal aid and right to speedy trial

     1. Hussainara Khatoon v State of Bihar: AIR 1979 SC 1369

     2. Khatri v. State of Bihar: 1981 SCC (1) 627)

Right against sexual harassment at work place

     1.  Vishakha v State of Rajasthan: 1997 (6) SCC 241

Right to choice of sex

     1. Navtej Singh Johar v. Union of India: 2018 (1) SCC 791 

Right to clean environment 

     1.   Vellore Citizens’ Welfare Forum v. Union of India: 1996 (5) SCC 647).

Right to Privacy

     1. Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India (2017) 10 SCC 1)

Right to die with dignity     

     1.  Aruna Ramchandra Shanbaug v. Union of India: 2011 (4) SCC 454

     2.  Common Cause v. Union of India: (2018) 9 SCC 382)

Right to Disclosure of dreadful diseases

      1.  Mr. 'X' v. Hospital 'Z' Appeal (civil)  4641 of 1998.

Right to choose life partner 

      1. Shakti Vahini v. Union of India: 2018 (7) SCC 192 ).

Right to know or right to be informed

 

      1. Reliance Petrochemicals Ltd. vs. Proprietors of Indian Express Newspapers 1989 AIR 190

Right to compensation

 

         1. Rudul Shah vs. the State of Bihar (1983) 4 SCC 141

Right to privacy, Right to go abroad, Right to shelter, Right against solitary confinement, Right to social justice and economic empowerment, Right against handcuffing, Right against custodial death, Right against delayed execution, Doctors’ assistance, Right against public hanging, Protection of cultural heritage, Right to pollution-free water and air, Right of every child to a full development, Right to health and medical aid, Right to education, Protection of under-trials

 

         1. Unni Krishnan vs. State of Andhra Pradesh 1993 AIR 2178

 

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