Harappan Indus Civilization

What is the subject matter of the Harappan Indus Civilization?

 The earliest urban civilization of Ancient India.

What is the Harappan Civilization also known as?

 Indus Valley Civilization.

When did the Harappan Civilization flourish?

 c. 2500–1750 BC.

Which is the earliest urban civilization of India?

 Harappan Civilization.

Why is it called Harappan Civilization?

 After the first discovered site, Harappa.

Where is Harappa located?

 Punjab, Pakistan.

Which river is associated with Harappa?

 Ravi River.

Where is Mohenjo-daro located?

 Sindh, Pakistan.

Which river is associated with Mohenjo-daro?

 Indus River.

What does Mohenjo-daro mean?

 Mound of the Dead.

Who discovered Harappa?

 Daya Ram Sahni.

Who discovered Mohenjo-daro?

 R. D. Banerji.

Who announced the discovery of the Indus Valley Civilization?

 Sir John Marshall.

What was the nature of Harappan Civilization?

 Urban civilization.

What was the main occupation of Harappan people?

 Agriculture and trade.

Which crop was first cultivated by Harappans?

 Cotton.

What is the Harappan Civilization known for in town planning?

 Planned cities and drainage system.

What was the pattern of Harappan streets?

 Grid pattern.

What material was mainly used in Harappan buildings?

 Burnt bricks.

What were the two main parts of a Harappan city?

 Citadel and Lower Town.

Which Harappan site is famous for the Great Bath?

 Mohenjo-daro.

What is the Great Bath associated with?

 Ritual bathing.

Which Harappan site is famous for a dockyard?

 Lothal.

Where is Lothal located?

 Gujarat.

Which Harappan site is associated with fire altars?

 Kalibangan.

Where is Kalibangan located?

 Rajasthan.

Which Harappan site is located in Haryana?

 Banawali.

Which Harappan site is known as the largest Harappan site in India?

 Rakhigarhi.

What script did the Harappans use?

 Harappan script.

Has the Harappan script been deciphered?

 No.

Which animal is commonly found on Harappan seals?

 Unicorn.

What metal was unknown to Harappans?

 Iron.

Which metals were known to Harappans?

 Copper, bronze, gold, and silver.

What type of economy existed in Harappan Civilization?

 Agrarian and trade-based economy.

Which system indicates Harappan trade efficiency?

 Standardized weights and measures.

With which foreign civilization did Harappans trade?

 Mesopotamian Civilization.

What was the chief mode of transport in Harappan Civilization?

 Bullock cart.

Which craft was highly developed among Harappans?

 Bead-making.

Which burial practice existed in Harappan Civilization?

 Extended burial system.

What is a major feature of Harappan sanitation?

 Covered drainage system.

Which Harappan site yielded evidence of ploughed fields?

 Kalibangan.

Which site yielded evidence of rice cultivation?

 Lothal and Rangpur.

Why did the Harappan Civilization decline?

 Causes remain uncertain.

Which civilization is considered a Bronze Age civilization in India?

 Harappan Civilization.

Which geographical region did the Harappan Civilization mainly cover?

 North-western Indian subcontinent.

Which river system is closely associated with the Harappan Civilization?

 Indus River system.

Which Harappan site is situated on the banks of the Ravi River?

 Harappa.

Which Harappan site is situated on the banks of the Indus River?

 Mohenjo-daro.

Which Harappan site is associated with a dockyard and maritime trade?

 Lothal.

Which Harappan site is known for evidence of ploughed agricultural fields?

 Kalibangan.

Which Harappan site is known for the absence of a citadel?

 Surkotada.

Which Harappan site is famous for evidence of horse bones?

 Surkotada.

Which Harappan site is known for a water reservoir system?

 Dholavira.

Where is Dholavira located?

 Gujarat.

Which Harappan site is famous for a stadium and signboard?

 Dholavira.

Which Harappan site is located in Afghanistan?

 Shortughai.

Which Harappan site is located in Uttar Pradesh?

 Alamgirpur.

Which is the easternmost Harappan site?

 Alamgirpur.

Which is the southernmost Harappan site?

 Daimabad.

Which is the westernmost Harappan site?

 Sutkagendor.

Which is the largest Harappan site?

 Rakhigarhi.

Which site is regarded as the largest Harappan city in Pakistan?

 Mohenjo-daro.

What was the probable source of Harappan irrigation?

 River water and seasonal floods.

What type of houses were common in Harappan cities?

 Brick houses with rooms around a courtyard.

Did Harappan houses generally have bathrooms?

 Yes.

What feature reflects advanced sanitation in Harappan cities?

 Covered underground drains.

What were Harappan seals mainly made of?

 Steatite.

What is the common shape of Harappan seals?

 Square.

Which motif frequently appears on Harappan seals?

 Unicorn motif.

Which animal is absent on Harappan seals?

 Cow.

What was the standard unit system used by Harappans?

 Standardized weights and measures.

Which craft centre is famous for bead manufacturing?

 Chanhudaro.

Which Harappan site is known as an industrial town?

 Chanhudaro.

Which Harappan site yielded evidence of a dockyard and warehouse?

 Lothal.

Which site provides evidence of a granary?

 Harappa.

Which site is famous for the Great Granary?

 Mohenjo-daro.

What was the major basis of Harappan economy?

 Agriculture.

Which crop was not known to Harappans?

 Sugarcane.

Which domesticated animals were known to Harappans?

 Bull, buffalo, sheep, and goat.

Which foreign region referred to Harappan land as “Meluha”?

 Mesopotamia.

What religious symbol is associated with a proto-Shiva figure in Harappan culture?

 Pashupati seal.

Which female figurines are found in Harappan sites?

 Mother Goddess figurines.

What indicates the existence of trade in Harappan Civilization?

 Seals, dockyards, and standardized weights.

Which Harappan site is known for terracotta models of ploughs?

 Banawali.

Which site yielded evidence of artificial reservoirs and water conservation?

 Dholavira.

Which writing direction is generally associated with Harappan script?

 Right to left.

What was the nature of Harappan political organization?

 Central authority remains uncertain.

Which feature distinguishes Harappan Civilization from contemporary civilizations?

 Highly developed urban planning.